1949 Yearbook of Jehovah’s Witnesses
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1949 YEARBOOK of Jehovah’s witnesses containing report for the service year of 1948 Also daily texts and comments
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WATCH TOWER BIBLE & TRACT SOCIETY WATCHTOWER BIBLE AND TRACT SOCIETY, INC. INTERNATIONAL BIBLE STUDENTS ASSOCIATION
124 Columbia Heights Brooklyn 2, N.Y., U.S.A.
Branch offices appear on last page
Copyright, 1948, by Watch Tower Bible & Tract Society
Made in the United States of America
WATCH TOWER BIBLE & TRACT SOCIETY
OFFICERS
N. H. KNORR President
F. W. FRANZ Vice-President
GRANT SUITER Secretary and Treasurer
WATCHTOWER BIBLE AND TRACT SOCIETY, INC.
OFFICERS
N. H. KNORR President
H. C. COVINGTON Vice-President
GRANT SUITER Secretary and Treasurer
INTERNATIONAL BIBLE STUDENTS ASSOCIATION
OFFICERS
N. H. KNORR President
A. PRYCE HUGHES Vice-President
E. C. CHITTY Secretary
GRANT SUITER
Ass’t Secretary and Treasurer
Alaska
Albania
Argentina
Australia
Austria
Bahamas
Belgian Congo
Belgium
Bermuda
Bolivia
Brazil
British Guiana
British Honduras
British Isles
British West Indies
Bulgaria
Burma
Cameroun
Canada
Ceylon
Chile
China
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Cyprus
Czechoslovakia
Dahomey
Denmark
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
Egypt
Eire
El Salvador
Fiji Islands
Finland
France
French Equatorial Africa
French Guiana
French Togoland
Germany
Gold Coast
Greece
Guadeloupe
Guatemala
Haiti
Hawaii
Honduras
Hungary
Iceland
India
Iran
Italy
Jamaica
Japan
Korea
Lebanon and Syria
Liberia
Luxembourg
Malta
Mexico
Netherlands
Netherlands West Indies
Newfoundland
New Zealand
Nicaragua
Nigeria
Northern Rhodesia
Norway
Nyasaland
Pakistan
Palestine
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Philippine Republic
Poland
Portugal
Portuguese East Africa
Puerto Rico
Rumania
Russia
Saar
St. Helena
Siam
Sierra Leone
Singapore and Malaya
South Africa
Southern Rhodesia
Spain
Surinam
Sweden
Switzerland
Tanganyika
Turkey
Union of South Africa
United States of America
United States of Indonesia
Uruguay
Venezuela
Virgin Islands
Yugoslavia
1949 YEARBOOK
of Jehovah’s witnesses
JEHOVAH’S witnesses are God’s ministers to the nations and peoples of the world. The Sovereign Ruler of the universe has always had ministers in the earth representing his cause. His purposes must be proclaimed. The prophet Isaiah says, “But ye shall be named the priests of Jehovah; men shall call you the ministers of our God.” (Isa. 61: 6, A.S.V.) David also wrote, “Bless Jehovah, all ye his hosts, ye ministers of his, that do his pleasure.” (Ps. 103:21, A.>S'.7.) The apostle Paul knew his responsibility as a representative of Jehovah, for he declared, “I should be a minister of Christ Jesus unto the Gentiles, ministering the gospel of God.” (Rom. 15:16, A.S.V.) Paul was one of Jehovah’s witnesses, as was Christ Jesus, who showed the manner of work that was to be done by God’s ministers. “Jesus went about in all Galilee, teaching in their synagogues, and preaching the gospel of the kingdom . . . among the people.” (Matt. 4:23, A.S.V.) The historical record reveals that Jehovah has had his ministers keep alive the big issue of, Who is the Supreme One? and who will recognize his supremacy?
The unequivocal answer is that Jehovah is the only true God of all the universe; the Creator of heaven and earth; the Great Spirit; the great intelligent, active Personage, invisible to man; he who has made himself discernible to man by his wondrous and marvelous works of creation—he is the Supreme One. There are, however, very few on the earth who recognize and acknowledge his supremacy. Little do they
realize that “blessed is the nation whose God is Jehovah”.—Psalm 33:12, Am. Stan. Ver.
Is it not true that the big issue in the minds of all the “great men” of the nations is, “Who shall rule”? Will it be the United Nations organization? Will it be some totalitarian power? or will it be some bloc of nations that will get control of this earth? These questions trouble the minds of all of the groaning creation. Every creature in the earth is ruled and influenced by some power. All these ruling influences which control individuals can be classified under three main headings. The influential ruling power is either religious or political or commercial. These Big Three are determined to control the lives of all the peoples in the world. Some religious rulers even go so far as to claim control of persons after death. These three powers are constantly vying for positions of rulership. Occasionally they co-operate, but just as often they will stab one another in the back if it proves to be to their advantage. All three have identical aims: Power! Influence! Supremacy!
The recorded rise and fall of nations under the control of religion, politics and big business make up our history books. Often the cause for change in government has been the dissatisfaction of the people with their rulers, necessitating the bringing forth of a new political power to take charge. When this happens it does not take long for religion and big business to get in the saddle with the new political party. A more frequent reason for change in rulership is the desire of a strong power to take in all the territories within reach, seeking greater domination or even world rule. There has been a constant struggle between the nations for generations and centuries, as long as man can remember and as far back as recorded history chronicles the struggle. Why cannot men get along in peace? Why cannot they get rid of war and its evils? First of all, man does not acknowledge God as supreme. He refuses to follow Jehovah’s counsel and is so proud of his own achievements that he has become blinded in his lust for power. Man does not love his neighbor as he loves himself; otherwise he would let his fellow man live and try to help him. Man’s activity in all parts of the earth shows he is a selfish creature, and he is led by selfish rulers. Jesus said concerning the rulers in his day, “they are blind guides. And if the blind guide the blind, both shall fall into a pit.”—Matt. 15:14, Am. Stan. Ver.
One living in the more civilized nations of the world where the children get an education knows of the efforts of the people to better their conditions and how great advances have been brought about in housing, sanitation, communication, travel, and all the sciences. But even in such countries where advance in knowledge has been great, man has not been able to live above his selfish way. It should be clear to everyone that man is born in sin and shapen in iniquity, and, no matter how great his achievements, even to the extent of controlling the atom, he uses his great power and knowledge selfishly to kill and destroy his fellow man. What ruler on earth has the right to say that a man or group of men, even though it be the rulers, has the right to say that millions of people can be blotted off of the face of the earth?
Men have assumed such rights, taking to themselves such power, and in a few short years of war whole cities have been destroyed along with their civilization.
Within this present generation two great world wars have swept the earth. This gives us reason to change the maps in the geography books. The masses did not want the change; it was the desire of some individuals who wanted supreme rulership. But the millions of people in various countries of the earth backed up such selfish rulers only to find their own and other countries left in ruin and despair. The first World War was fought to “make the world safe for democracy”; but selfish men would not have it so. Neither the rulers of religion nor the rulers of politics nor the rulers of commerce could make it so, whether through their United Nations organization or any other form of government. They can never bring peace and prosperity and eternal happiness to the peoples who inhabit this earth.
Beautifully worded ideas put into charters for all nations to sign will not change the hearts and minds of the people. Written declarations will not remove the many diverse religious organizations that are working against one another: Catholic, Protestant, Jewish, Buddhist, Mohammedan, and hundreds of others. Agreements will not remove the big business monopolies, the cartels, powerful steel industries, shipping combines, influential newspapers, nor stop their all-out fight to get to the top and be supreme. The United Nations Charter will never remove the kings, the prime ministers, the dictators, the presidents nor the men behind the scenes who are grasping for power and world rule. As long as man carries on with his selfish desire to be supreme and to rule and domineer over his fellow man, ignoring God, he will have no success.
Jehovah’s witnesses as God’s ordained ministers are declaring to the nations and their peoples that now is the time to forsake their evil ways and turn to Jehovah, the Almighty One, for proper instruction in righteousness. David gave wise counsel when he said, ‘‘Now therefore be wise, 0 ye kings: be instructed, ye judges of the earth. Serve Jehovah with fear, and rejoice with trembling. Kiss the son, lest he be angry, and ye perish in the way, for his wrath will soon be kindled.”—Ps. 2:10-12, Am. Stan. Ver.
These are the reasons why Jehovah’s witnesses are so busy preaching the good tidings of God’s kingdom and directing the minds of the people to the study of God’s Word, the Bible. There the people can find the truth and can plan a life for themselves based on the principles of truth and righteousness. They need have no part with this old, dying world, but should line up with the “new earth, wherein dwelleth righteousness”. (2 Pet. 3:13) The Supreme Ruler of the universe will settle the issue without any difficulty when the time comes for a settlement of the controversy as to who shall rule the world. He has not ordained man to rule, either through religious or through political or commercial organizations. He has appointed His Son to do that, and he shall reign until he has put all enemies under his feet, including death, the last enemy to be destroyed.
God has permitted men to rule under the “god of this world”, Satan the Devil, until Jehovah chooses to show His supremacy. (2 Cor. 4:4) The scriptures are clear on the point that Satan is the invisible ruler of this present evil world. He is also referred to as “the prince of this world”, and in due time he shall be cast out of his ruling position. (John 12:31; Eph. 2:2) The time to settle the issue of world supremacy is very near, and Revelation, chapter 12, shows us what happens at the world’s end.
The issue of supremacy had its beginning in the Garden of Eden after the creation of Adam. Lucifer, who later became Satan the Devil, was made the covering cherub; but after being honored with this exalted position by God, he declared his avowed purpose to become like the Most High himself and set his throne in the sides of the north. Lucifer fell from his lofty position in God’s universal organization because of bringing sin and eventually death into the world. Adam and Eve chose to follow Satan the liar rather than the only true God, Jehovah, their Creator, and it was at that time that the issue was raised: Who shall rule? Jehovah decreed that He would allow Satan to remain as controller of earth’s affairs and as the god of this world so that God could show forth His power in the last days in which we now live.—Ex. 9:16; Rom. 9:17.
That unhappy day was nearly six thousand years ago, and since then nations have come and gone.
Groups of people have risen to power and either have chosen or had forced upon them kings, presidents, dictators, premiers, parliaments and senates; but for the people it has only meant strife and war, distress and struggle, because Satan “the god of this world hath blinded the minds of the unbelieving, that the light of the gospel of the glory of Christ, who is the image of God, should not dawn upon them”. (2 Cor. 4:4, Am. Stan. Ver.) Despite Satan’s uninterrupted rule, he has failed in his attempt to bring all persons under his domination. Jehovah’s witnesses world-wide have stood aloof to his offers to be a part of this world. They choose to be God’s ministers.
Jehovah considers the nations as but a “drop of a bucket, and ... as the small dust of the balance”; and when the time comes for their destruction, he can easily accomplish it. (Isa. 40:15) According to Jehovah’s own word, he has reserved the nations of the earth for destruction, because he classes them as vessels not worthy of existence. The nations are in his hands as soft ‘clay in the potter’s hand’. (Jer. 18:6) As the apostle Paul pointed out, “Hath not the potter a right over the clay, from the same lump to make one part a vessel unto honor, and another unto dishonor? What if God, willing to show his wrath, and to make his power known, endured with much long-suffering vessels of wrath fitted unto destruction: and that he might make known the riches of his glory upon vessels of mercy, which he afore prepared unto glory?” (Rom. 9:21-23, Am. Stan. Ver.) The nations have ignored and refused his Word. They have not acknowledged him as God, and they do not declare his name unto all the nations. Jehovah has no reason or obligation to keep these dishonoring nations in existence.
Jehovah’s witnesses, on the other hand, have accepted this responsibility of announcing Jehovah’s supremacy, and each and every one declares: “I will sing praises unto thee among the nations.” (Ps. 57:9) They do not mean just joining some church and attending once in a while either; they mean being real, active announcers of God’ kingdom, the only hope for the world. They have the same spirit about this preaching work as David had when he said, “I . . . will praise thee yet more and more.” (Ps. 71:14, Am. Stan. Ver.) They mean just that—no more, no less—and this 1949 Yearbook of Jehovah’s witnesses proves it. They have rejected and will not represent this old world, proclaiming and supporting its schemes, but have chosen to be Jehovah’s witnesses, God’s ordained ministers. Therefore they fearlessly and joyfully announce the incoming new world of righteousness for which Christians have been taught to pray: “Thy kingdom come. Thy will be done, on earth as it is in heaven.” This they will do uncompromisingly.
Some people say, “It is no wonder Jehovah’s witnesses are looked upon as undesirables.” But still they are peace-loving people. In every country wherein they reside it is impossible to distinguish them from other people as far as customs and general living habits are concerned. What is it, then, that makes them so peculiar and sets them apart as a group some people want to avoid? What have they done, and what are their current activities? They claim to be God’s ordained ministers, but are they any different from any other so-called religious organization? They certainly are not orthodox. Has it not been said that they are booksellers and magazine distributors? Are not Jehovah’s witnesses in this work because of commercialism? Have not they been called the opposers of all religions ? Have not people said they are Communists ? Fascists? Zionists? These and hundreds of other questions have been asked about them, and Jehovah’s witnesses have been accused of being just such. But all these political groups have denied any support or association with Jehovah’s witnesses and have persecuted them in the countries dominated by these powers.
The true answer to all of these questions is so simple that it is difficult for people to understand. Individuals who are seeking truth and who have faith in God and his written Word can find out the real answer by some careful Bible study and association with Jehovah’s witnesses. Many such students have changed their minds about these ministers. Simply stated, Jehovah’s witnesses are supporting God’s kingdom as the only hope for men to gain eternal life. Paul said, “Now then we are ambassadors for Christ.” (2 Cor. 5:20) If Jehovah’s witnesses are ambassadors of God’s kingdom, they cannot serve another kingdom, any more than the representative of one of the nations in this world could stand up and speak in favor of another nation and against his own government. He would lose his citizenship and position. Jehovah’s witnesses have entered into a covenant to represent the kingdom of heaven, and they know “covenantbreakers . . . are worthy of death”. (Rom. 1: 31, 32) But they love life! Therefore they will defend, work for, support and preach the kingdom of God. “Even so hath the Lord ordained that they which preach the gospel should live of the gospel. ... for necessity is laid upon me; yea, woe is unto me, if I preach not the gospel!” (1 Cor. 9:14-16) Because of taking such an unequivocal stand for God’s kingdom they are hated of all nations. “If ye were of the world, the world would love his owm: but because ye are not of the world, but I have chosen you out of the world, therefore the world hateth you.” (John 15:19) Yes, Jehovah’s witnesses are looked upon as undesirables because they preach God’s kingdom, and because of this they are accused of all manner of evil. “Ye shall be brought before governors and kings for my sake, for a testimony against them and the Gentiles.”—Matt. 10:18.
Centuries ago Jehovah inspired men to write books which we now have compiled into one volume called the Bible. These faithful men were servants of God and foretold the good news of God’s kingdom. Paul the apostle was “set apart to declare God’s good news, which he promised long ago through his prophets in the holy Scriptures”. (Rom. 1:1-3, An Amer. Trans.') You can turn to the eleventh chapter of Hebrews and there find a list of men who lived in olden times whom God used in promulgating true worship. They were witnesses of Jehovah, but they wTere not loved by the world. “They were stoned to death, they were tortured to death, they were sawed in two, they were killed with the sword. . . . they were driven from place to place, destitute, persecuted, misused—men of whom the world was not worthy.” (Heb. 11:37,38, An Amer. Trans.) So Jehovah’s witnesses of more than 2,000 years ago were looked upon as undesirables, too!
After these men foretold the coming of the Messiah and the new world, Jehovah sent his Son into the world that 'whosoever believeth on him might gain eternal life’. His Son, Christ Jesus, during his ministry upon the earth preached the greatest message of all time: “The kingdom of heaven is at hand.” This is a message which the nations of the earth as a whole, the religious organizations and the men of commerce of these nations have completely ignored down through the 1900 years that have passed since the death of Christ, and right up to the present time. Jesus himself said, “My kingdom is not of this world,” and the world rulers have shown they will have none of this Kingdom, but rather they are determined to rule the world themselves—they will be the supreme rulers. They have not accepted and will not accept the king chosen by Jehovah, His beloved Son, Christ Jesus, who proved himself worthy of that high position of kingship over this earth. Speaking of the nations, Jehovah says, “Why do the heathen rage, and the people imagine a vain thing? The kings of the earth set themselves, and the rulers take counsel together, against the Lord, and against his anointed.” The Anointed One or Messiah was looked upon as an undesirable, and the people cried out, “Crucify him, crucify him 1” But the Almighty God declares, “Yet have I set my king upon my holy hill of Zion.”—Ps. 2:1, 2, 6.
Christ Jesus was one of Jehovah’s witnesses. Now he is and ever will be “the faithful and true witness”. The apostles, Peter, John, Paul—all of them, and hundreds of disciples who followed Jesus 1900 years ago—were Jehovah’s witnesses, preaching the same message. Then came the early church which received persecution at the hands of the Jews, Greeks and Romans. Some were stoned to death; others were thrown to the lions. Many were forced to hide in caves and in the wilderness, but as they fled from place to place they continued to preach the gospel of the Kingdom. During the Dark Ages righteous men broke away from the Catholic Church and other religious organizations because the doctrines taught by them were so intermingled with pagan teachings. The Bible truths were hidden; in fact, the Catholic Church made every effort to keep the Bible from the people. But right down through the ages Jehovah God has had witnesses to minister the message of the Kingdom despite all the opposition to make them quit such talk. Now as we draw nearer to the new world of righteousness Jehovah has raised up more witnesses and blessed them in carrying this good news to others, but they have never become popular.
MODERN ORGANIZATION
It was back in the year 1884 that a group of men and women in America came together and drew up a charter which set out as its purpose the dissemination of Bible truths. But even before this, as far back as 1870, these lovers of God’s Word were studying it diligently. They were looking for the complete establishment of God’s kingdom, and from 1874 to 1877 they published a booklet, The Object and Manner of the Lord’s Return. Bible classes were started in and about Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and these folk made a careful study of the Bible truth concerning the three worlds: the one overflowed by water in Noah’s day; the “present evil world” and how it would come to its end; and the third world, the world without end, “wherein dwelleth righteousness.” (2 Peter 3) Then in July, 1879, the first issue of Zion’s Watchtower was published, and it has been continued to this day, a magazine announcing Jehovah’s kingdom. Seventy years have passed, and The Watchtower has a circulation of 600,000 copies on the 1st and 15th of every month, in scores of languages. In order to reach more people tracts were printed and distributed free. Some were called Old Theology Quarterly and others Food for Thinking Christians. Expansion of the work resulted, and in 1884 Zion’s Watch Tower Tract Society was organized and given a charter by the State of Pennsylvania in the United States of America.
These Christians looked to Jehovah God as the supreme and only Ruler of the universe. He had decreed through his Word that he would establish a government of righteousness which will bring peace and prosperity to all people who desire to serve him in spirit and in truth. The teachings of these Christians associated with the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society were different from those taught by the recognized religious organizations. From the early days the clergy objected to laymen’s studying the Bible and teaching from it. They felt that their profession should not be invaded by “unlearned men”. One thing the Society did was to direct the attention of the people to the Bible, not to man-made creeds and ideas. Bible study brought to the fore again the good news of God’s kingdom, and that was the big thing foretold by the prophets and later by Jesus and the apostles. That the earth was made for man to live upon was clearly seen in their study. Man is to be the keeper of the earth and make it beautiful. The earth, not hell, purgatory or heaven, is man’s home. This teaching certainly was contrary to the creeds of Christendom; but, if proved true by the Bible, it must be proclaimed.
This good news was preached by word of mouth, and millions of tracts were printed for free distribution and personal home study. From 1886 to 1893 these Christians distributed 2,459,609 tracts. As time went on they intensified their distribution work to one, two, three and four million tracts a year. They delivered them from door to door, to those going to the churches and those coming from the churches. The message they contained was truly “food for thinking Christians”. Finally the tract distribution grew to more than 20 million yearly in 1910, and by 1918 the record shows a grand total of at least 324,000,000 copies of tracts that had been distributed by these early workers of the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society. Up until 1918, according to reports available, 8,993,166 bound books also were distributed, and these were used in home Bible studies. Millions of other booklets and pamphlets were placed with the people by these witnesses of Jehovah.
In 1896 the name of the Society was changed from Zion’s Watch Tower Tract Society to Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society. It surely has been a Bible and Tract Society since its incorporation, because great stress has been placed on home Bible study. Following the Scriptural admonition to preach “publicly, and from house to house”, the first president of the Society, prior to his death, in 1916, went on lecture tours throughout the United States and various parts of the world. He introduced the “colporteur work”, today known as the “pioneer service”. He established congregations in many places and arranged for conventions of God’s people. The “pilgrim” work was organized for traveling lecturers to visit all congregations, and the “Bible House” or first Bethel home was built in Pittsburgh in 1898. In the year 1900 the first Branch office was established in London, England, and in 1909 a New York corporation was brought into existence. By the year 1910 there was so much interest in the lectures of the president that newspapers began to syndicate his sermons. Starting with just a few newspapers in 1910, by 1914 more than 1,000 newspapers in various parts of the world were publishing his sermons. As Jehovah’s witnesses look back over the years from 1884 to 1914 they see that many things happened in preparing the way before the Lord God, who began his reign in 1914. The Scriptures foretold this preparing work, at Malachi 3:1: “Behold, I will send my messenger, and he shall prepare the way before me: and the Lord, whom ye seek, shall suddenly come to his temple, even the messenger of the covenant, whom ye delight in: behold, he shall come, saith the Lord of hosts.”
Now the time had arrived for Christ Jesus to receive his power and begin to reign. This he did as described in Revelation, the 12th chapter. Furthermore the “times of the Gentiles” ended, giving chronological proof from the Bible that what Jehovah’s witnesses had for years prophesied had come true. (Sec Daniel chapter 4 and Luke 21:24.) Also the physical facts proved that the end of the Devil’s rule without any interruption or interference had been reached. Matthew, the 24th chapter, sets out the answer to the apostles’ questions as to the end of the world and Jesus’ second presence. All these things took place, but for detailed proof on the subject see the book "Let God Be True".
Jehovah’s witnesses could not and did not conclude that the great work of honoring Jehovah’s name before the final end comes had been finished. No, the Scriptures pointed out that before the Devil’s organization and the nations under “the god of this world” were destroyed a great, final witness must be given. Jesus said This gospel of the Kingdom must be preached unto all nations before the end comes’. That meant more work from 1914 and especially from 1918 onward. “Other sheep I have,” Jesus said, and these must be gathered, too, before the battle of the great day of God Almighty. This meant expansion, and the slogan of Jehovah’s witnesses became “Advertise, advertise, advertise the King and the Kingdom!”
To do this it required organization world-wide, and it meant putting to use all the instruments that could be used to further the gospel-preaching. Jehovah’s witnesses of today still use the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society as a servant organization to carry on their work throughout the whole world. This Pennsylvania corporation is not the only Society used by Jehovah’s witnesses. A New York corporation, established in 1909, now known as the Watchtower Bible and Tract Society, Inc., serves Jehovah’s witnesses in the United States of America. Another association, known as the International Bible Students Association, is a servant to Jehovah’s witnesses in London, England, and a similar society exists in Canada. Other corporations of Jehovah’s witnesses have been formed in France, in the various countries of Europe, and in South America. But all of these corporations work to the same end, namely, preaching “this gospel of the kingdom”.
In 1944 the charter of the Pennsylvania corporation was amended, and under the second article it is shown that the purposes of the Society are “To act as the servant of and the legal world-wide governing agency for that body of Christian persons known as Jehovah’s witnesses”, which function it is fulfilling; further, “to preach the gospel of God’s kingdom under Christ Jesus unto all nations as a witness to the name, word and supremacy of Almighty God JEHOVAH.” For proof that Jehovah’s witnesses are doing this, read the Society’s yearly reports of activity, particularly from 1918 onward. The reader will see that Jehovah’s witnesses have diligently and without hesitation put forth every effort to preach the gospel of God’s kingdom, making known Jehovah’s name and word, and that year by year they have expanded that witness, reaching even to the ends of the world.
Never before in all history has the announcement been made so publicly, so persistently, and on such a world-wide scale as is now being done by Jehovah’s witnesses. Let the report on pages 20-23 speak for itself.
THE ANALYSIS OF THE REPORT
The charter further provides for the Society “to print and distribute Bibles and to disseminate Bible truths in various languages by means of making and publishing literature containing information and comment explaining Bible truths and prophecy concerning establishment of Jehovah’s kingdom under Christ Jesus”. In the last year alone they made and distributed Bibles, bound books and pamphlets to the number of 17,031,901 copies in 96 different nations, colonies, isles of the sea and territories of nations. Not only this, but they have also placed magazines in the hands of the people to the extent of 11,380,767. These magazines were The Watchtower and Awake! as published in the principal languages of the earth. Hundreds of thousands of subscriptions were also taken for these magazines so that the publications could go directly into the homes of the people for careful study and reading. Since 1920, Bibles, books (ranging from 300 to 400 pages) and booklets (of 32 or 64 pages) have been distributed to the grand total of 530,218,352 copies.
Still neither the Society nor Jehovah’s witnesses are “booksellers”. What Jehovah’s witnesses offer to the peoples of the world in various languages are printed sermons, Bible information. After talking personally to the people and arousing their interest in Bible study, Jehovah’s witnesses leave literature with them for private study. If the person so benefited wishes to make a contribution to cover the cost of printing and distribution, he may do so, and most persons do. However, millions of booklets are left each year with the people who want to read but who feel
THE 1948 FIELD SERVICE REPORT OF
Country
1947 Av. Pubs.
1948 Av. Pubs.
Percent Incr.
Peak Pubs.
No. Companies
U. S. cf America
67,680
72,945
7%
78,666
2,901
Alaska
80%
Bahamas
94%
Bermuda
50%
Cameroun
New
Ecuador
110%
Ft. Equ. Africa
New
Guadeloupe
120%
Iceland
Liberia
200%
Neth. W. Ind.
30%
Palestine
175%
Peru
85%
Portugal
New
Sierra Leone
10%
Spain
New
Syria-Lebanon
10%
Virgin Islands
90%
Argentina
36%
1,033
Australia
3,284
3,503
6%
3,723
Fiji
11%
Java
Singapore
66%
Austria
1,286
71%
1,552
Belgium
1,177
34%
1,367
Luxembourg
Bolivia
125%
Brazil
1,077
66%
1,319
Britisn Guiana
30%
British Honduras
British Isles
12,149
14,676
20%
15,555
Eire
40%
Malta
British West Indies
40%
1,071
Burma
90%
Canada
11,224
12,603
12%
14,219
Chile
40%
China
177%
Colombia
Costa Rica
41%
Cuba
3,199
4,352
36%
4,782
Cyprus
60%
Czechoslovakia
1.257
1,581
25%
1,991
Denmark
2,721
3,260
17%
3,485
Dominican Republic
116%
Egypt
41%
El Salvador
88%
Finland
2,281
2,610
14%
3,075
France
2,184
2,627
20%
2,854
Saar
New
JEHOVAH’S WITNESSES WORLD-WIDE
Av.
Total Literature
Total Hours
New Subs.
Individual Magazines
Back-Calls
Book Studies
8,383,231
16,964,919
230,278
6,486,766
4,590,198
51,028
8,066
11,361
6,661
3,630
8,356
13,969
2,304
6,123
2,448
4,858
3,056
6,854
1,177
3,328
14,047
1,637
4,404
7,797
1,373
3,107
1,628
1,003
2,236
5,629
1,935
15,321
12,591
8,373
4,514
1,774
5,398
19,642
22,494
1,854
8,175
2,381
1,180
1,899
4,162
1,183
4,916
1,407
8,981
26.856
4,462
7,481
8,358
8,353
2,226
4,580
135,67j
224,369
1,992
44,054
64,701
240,881
728.440
6,162
321,328
202,689
2,041
7,471
5.619
2,189
1,902
1,182
1,352
3,817
1,397
247,572
281,000
4,394
106,031
126,706
184,757
295,585
1.693
54,225
60,434
2,776
12,366
10,040
4,153
9,263
25,493
2,492
8,184
391,400
397,329
3,601
48,300
88,555
19,298
63,650
20,978
16,914
2,309
11,907
3,911
3,886
2,038,777
3,986.753
56,387
351,586
1,241,320
8,104
15,022
45,206
1,194
11,736
2.032
54,381
254,073
1,501
70,638
70,941
20,714
16,727
3,372
6,619
508,229
2,315,951
23,087
840,003
524,593
5,209
43,177
69,425
13,828
19,593
12,619
9,952
1,428
2,479
21,752
19,608
3,856
7,064
27,1.3
150,935
21,468
37,346
141,121
905.160
3,321
92,919
194,117
2,578
83,605
20,306
3,490
5,052
254,283
284,198
3,813
77,599
98,596
278,288
504,358
7,712
336,762
137,200
1,023
19,876
52,448
8,488
21,017
8,871
27,718
4,441
6,858
9,931
38,696
7,617
11,921
395,705
597,466
13,290
214,919
128,454
1,167
265,057
468,733
6,043
73,979
105,978
1,102
4,009
57,539
35,086
Country
1947 Av. Pubs.
1948 Av. Pubs.
Percent Incr.
Peak Pubs.
No. Companies
Germany
15.856
29,172
83%
36,526
1,609
Gold Coast
104%
1,134
Greece
1,891
2,338
23%
2,642
Albania
New
Turkey
100%
Guatemala
61%
Haiti
125%
Hawaii
20%
Honduras
164%
Hungary
1,346
36%
1,647
India
34%
Ceylon
108%
Iran
100%
Pakistan
New
Italy
116%
Jamaica
1.185
1,465
23%
1,739
Mexico
4,125
4,711
14%
5,708
Netherlands
3,764
4,190
11%
4.394
Newfoundland
57%
New Zealand
17%
Nicaragua
100%
Nigeria
3,710
5,511
48%
6,825
Dahomey
New
Norway
24%
1,145
Panama
28%
Paraguay
38%
Philippine Republic
2,471
3,589
45%
4,073
Poland
6,334
9,048
42%
10,385
Puerto Rico
82%
Rumania
1,990
1,992
1,992
Russia
3,498
8,000
128%
8,000
Stam
128%
South Africa
3,843
4,440
15%
4,831
Belgian Congo
New
Northern Rhodesia
€,114
9,873
61%
11,606
Nyasaland
3,542
4,918
38%
5,626
Portuguese E. Africa
81%
St. Helena
Southern Rhodesia
2,572
3,599
40%
4,232
Tanganyika
Surinam
41%
French Guiana
100%
Sweden
2,894
3,231
11%
3,509
Switzerland
1,512
1,660
10%
1,776
Uruguay
42%
Venezuela
75%
Yugoslavia
TOTALS
181,071 230,532 27 % 260,753 11,714
Av.
Total
Total
New
Individual
Book
Literature
Hours
Subs.
Magazines
Back-Calls
Studies
36,199
6,099,153
45,000
28,608
3.227,093
13,512
19,326
167,491
4,398
14,737
92,930
271,869
3,500
78,168
80,351
1,825
2,807
17.276
52,763
11,257
18,095
8,115
21,437
2,457
7,348
46,201
57,757
2,394
16,194
18,912
9,344
29,000
3,236
8,633
161,683
267,342
24,148
106,469
19,286
81,792
1,221
15,680
18,463
4,485
14,071
5,877
5,123
1,143
1,018
6,833
12,381
3,147
2,829
68,631
59,251
1,100
3,521
19,089
56,802
336,175
1,082
51,196
81,713
1,424
218,386
956,127
4,683
113,386
177,329
2,853
135,254
943,550
4,076
123,484
175,905
1,735
20,406
28,922
8,042
9,416
83,273
192,412
3,410
107,837
48,550
4,851
20,638
3,580
7,182
54,993
1,481,775
37,188
77,598
6,755
200,321
191,433
4,645
117,938
59,990
32,349
75,286
1,155
32,651
31,363
8,129
16,781
4,467
4,921
227,669
645,148
2,334
43,091
78,453
316,667
1,363,612
5,150
172,467
333,676
3,367
30,783
47,952
1,080
12,208
17,044
327,302
292,661
63,062
81,096
3,812
18,120
18,219
6,364
4,657
268,143
1,860,377
7,713
195,196
239,325
3,391
2,966
11,695
2,314,625
224,785
4,038
13,441
1,347,221
309,322
5,219
102,536
25,685
65,288
897,235
11,730
118,127
2,284
39,140
4,302
9,949
23,139
5,475
7,057
1,080
237,854
603,584
12,106
476,081
158,575
1,102
177,905
274,982
3,416
311,669
79,589
31,298
87,925
19,272
29,480
15,862
26,323
5,685
6,015
unable to make a small contribution at the time. None of the thousands of Jehovah’s witnesses going from door to door ever receive a salary for doing the work of preaching. They do their work because they are consecrated to promote true worship of Jehovah God and to give a witness concerning God’s kingdom. The oral sermon is first; placing literature is secondary. It is an aid to further study.
The Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society is also authorized to “appoint agents, servants, employees, teachers, instructors, evangelists, missionaries and ministers to go forth to all the world publicly and from house to house to preach and teach Bible truths to persons willing to listen, by leaving with such persons said literature and by conducting Bible studies thereon”. This Jehovah’s witnesses have very definitely done during the past service year, as their field service record shows. The report is not one of members, for Jehovah’s witnesses do not have enrolled congregations. But it is the heap of witness that was piled up by the workers in the congregations world-wide. This is truly a Society of evangelists, missionaries and ministers who are located in 96 different parts of the earth. There are now 230,532 ambassadors for the kingdom of God engaging in preaching the gospel every month, as compared with 181,071 for the previous year. That means that there are now 49,461 more ministers who have been instructed and properly taught through Bible study the truth from God’s Word so they, too, could be authorized and appointed as servants, teachers, and ministers and assigned to go forth in some territory and publicly preach this good news of God’s kingdom from house to house.
The glad tidings that these 230,532 ministers are carrying to the ends of the earth were so happily received by thousands that by the end of the year even greater numbers were receiving special training to “go . . . make disciples of all the nations”. This new interest added to the average monthly number of publishers totaled 260,756, to compare with last year’s all-time high peak of 207,552 ministers. This was an increase of 53,204 more persons advertising the Kingdom than ever before. This is marvelous in our eyes, and we trust and pray that all of those who have taken their stand for the Kingdom and have made a consecration to serve the Most High God will continue faithfully throughout 1949 and forever, preaching this good news. That is the covenant all of them have made, to preach “publicly, and from house to house” these Bible truths to persons who are willing to listen. This we sincerely believe they will do, and the Supreme One of all the universe will pour upon them His blessing as they continue to serve. These new ministers recognize Jehovah’s supremacy and choose to serve Him rather than this dying old world.
It was suggested last year that every company organization throughout the world try to increase its organization by 10 percent in the number of publishers carrying this good news to the people. By so doing a greater witness could be given. The chartered purpose of the Society is to prepare such teachers, instructors and evangelists, and so it is only proper that every group of Christians put forth diligent effort to carry on such Bible instruction in their Kingdom Halls and in private home Bible-study classes. During the 1947 service year there was an increase of 14 percent over 1946 in gathering instructors together; but 1948 showed an unusual increase, of 27 percent, in the average number of publishers monthly engaging in Kingdom work. The company organizations throughout the world have done splendid work in preparing ministers. Did your company share in this increase? Are you prepared during 1949 to welcome the stranger into your midst and help him to know Jehovah?
One of the chartered purposes of the Society is: “To improve men, women and children mentally and morally by Christian missionary work and by charitable and benevolent instruction of the people on the Bible and incidental scientific, historical and literary subjects; to establish and maintain private Bible schools and classes for gratuitous instruction of men and women in the Bible, Bible literature and Bible history”. The charter further provides that we shall “teach, train, prepare and equip men and women as ministers, missionaries, evangelists, preachers, teachers and lecturers”. So that this can be accomplished in a regular and systematic manner, Jehovah’s witnesses have weekly study periods for the benefit of all who are desirous of taking up the ministry. There are three weekly meetings that every minister and every person preparing for the ministry should attend: the Watchtower study, the service meeting, and the Theocratic ministry school. There are other book studies that can be attended, too, but the three mentioned are essential to proper training and advancement in knowledge and wisdom in God’s Word. Actually, during 1948, 49,461 more students have prepared themselves to be lecturers, teachers and ministers and have engaged in the preaching work every month so as to improve others mentally and morally by their Christian missionary work. A goodly number of this group have taken up the full-time service. There are now 8,994 pioneers in the full-time work, to compare with the 1947 total of 7,017; an increase of 1,977.
Answering specifically the question as to what Jehovah’s witnesses are doing today, it can be stated that they are preaching the message of God’s kingdom from house to house and publicly, following the example set by Christ Jesus. Nor is this being done on a small scale; for these 230,532 regular monthly publishers of the Kingdom have devoted 49,832,205 hours in ministerial activity. This is an increase of almost six million hours above the previous year. During these millions of hours they have endeavored to instruct, train, prepare and equip men and women by helping them to a better understanding of the Bible. This has been done, not by gathering a congregation to their church, but by going from house to house. Then by going back to the homes of the people where they placed literature they were able to give them further instruction and help. The number of such calls made was 13,807,920. These we term “back-calls”, and they are made on all persons showing interest in Bible study, persons from all religions and walks of life. Not all of these calls develop into studies where careful scrutiny can be given to the Bible and its teachings, but Jehovah’s witnesses have conducted on the average 130,281 Bible studies in the homes of interested people every week for the past year. If there were only an average of four persons attending each of these studies, it would mean more than a half million people who were being taught by Jehovah’s witnesses every week. That would make quite a congregation of regular students in addition to the millions of persons visited daily in the regular house-to-house work.
Jehovah’s witnesses not only provide for these home Bible studies, but they also give instruction in public meetings held in parks, auditoriums, halls, schools, playgrounds, in fact, almost anywhere that the people will assemble. Last year 133,634 such advertised public meetings were arranged for in all parts of the earth.
At the Memorial season of the year Jehovah’s witnesses and people interested in their work assembled to celebrate the death of the Lord Jesus Christ; and 376,393 persons were in attendance Thursday night, March 25, 1948. Of this number, 25,395 partook of the bread and wine, which indicated their belief that they had been invited to the high calling with Christ Jesus in his heavenly kingdom. The others professed to be his “other sheep” with prospects of everlasting life on this earth under the kingdom of heaven. This yearly Memorial service was arranged for by the 11,714 company organizations throughout the world. These company organizations also hold regular studies in The Watchtower, as well as conduct service meetings and Theocratic ministry schools. All these services are free, and no collections are ever taken. It is all part of the gratuitous education carried on by Jehovah’s witnesses world-wide on behalf of all peoples.
This tremendous volume of work, preaching the gospel of God’s kingdom unto the ends of the earth, is not done with any political ambition in mind, nor are Jehovah’s witnesses trying to influence the policies of the governments. They have no “lobby” in the capitals of the different nations; they are not trying to establish some religious order, nor is there any pecuniary gain in it for any individuals. Anyone who observes Jehovah’s witnesses in any of the lands reported on in this Yearbook will know they are not engaged in any of those endeavors. They have one thing to do, and that is to preach the message of God’s kingdom. Christ Jesus directed that “this gospel of the kingdom shall be preached in all the world for a witness” until the end comes, and that Jehovah’s witnesses are definitely trying to do as ambassadors in the 96 countries on which reports are given.
The Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society is a nonprofit organization, and what monies it receives it uses for the spreading of the gospel unto the ends of the earth. During the 1948 service year the Brooklyn office sent money and literature to its Branch offices valued at $488,821.22. In addition to that, for foreign service or expansion work in various countries where Branches are not established, assistance was required to the amount of $110,851.11. Literature and supplies were sent to some countries as gifts, and this amounted to $118,608.04. This meant a total outlay of $718,280.37 to assist the preaching of the gospel outside the United States. A few of the large Branches were able to remit to the Brooklyn office to cover the cost of some of the shipments made, and these remittances amounted to $296,119.58. That left a balance of $422,170.79 that the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society paid out during 1948 for the expansion work in territories outside the United States of America.
Knowing the needs of Jehovah’s witnesses in other countries, the Society as the servant to Jehovah’s witnesses also arranged to send food and clothing for relief to their brethren. Jehovah’s witnesses in the United States, Canada, Switzerland, Norway, Sweden and Denmark were in position to gather together clothing, food and other necessary supplies to aid their fellow ministers in war-torn lands. The large quantities of food were purchased with money contributed for that purpose; and clothing, shoes, bedding and other supplies were freely donated to the Society for shipment to various parts of the earth where needed. The total value of the food, clothing and the shipping costs for relief only from January, 1946, up to and including August, 1948, amounted to $1,322,406.90. This figure does not include the value of any time spent on the part of the brethren in gathering the clothing from all parts of the United States, Canada and other countries, and then packing it, shipping it to Brooklyn, rehandling it at Brooklyn, or distributing it in other lands. This service was an additional free gift on their part and a joyful service which enabled Jehovah’s witnesses to help their brethren in other parts of the world.
The Society, too, wishes to express its appreciation for the hearty co-operation on the part of all these earnest and hard workers, as well as to pass along the sincere gratitude of the recipients of these gifts to those who gave them. This has certainly been an expression of love one toward another. We know all of the brethren did this as an honor to the Lord, having in mind that this material assistance would help some to carry on their true worship; and so they esteemed it a great privilege to be able to serve their brethren in this manner. This act of kindness to their neighbors is just another proof that Jehovah’s witnesses are not in this work for any commercial gain.
JEHOVAH’S WITNESSES’ GIFTS FOR RELIEF
January, 1946, to
August
, 1948
Pounds of Clothing
Value
Pounds of Food
Cost
Total Value
United States 919 302 Mise.
$898,481.16
537,995
$208,416.76
$1,106,897.92
6,709.46
Canada Denmark Norway
72,807
80,699.88
87,913
2,949
24,000
36,084.90
1,407.14
12,000.00
116,784.78
1,407.14
12,000.00
Switzerland Mise
57,584
42,400,00
40,682
13.754.00
56,154.00
3,851.00
Sweden Mise.
6,664
9,776.10
25,334
8,702.60
18,478.60
124.00
TOTALS
1,056,247 $1,031,357.14
718,873 $280,365.30 $1,322,406.90
WHERE JEHOVAH’S WITNESSES SENT RELIEF GIFTS
Pounds
Pounds of Clothing
Pairs of Shoes
Pounds of Food
of Mise. Supplies
Austria
39,304
4,118
43,675
Belgium
28,113
2,576
1,397
Bulgaria
China
Czechoslovakia
33,458
2,435
6,450
Denmark
35,219
3,832
England
21,160
1,786
31,970
Finland
23,973
1.944
6,450
France
39,545
3,948
6,450
Germany
544,749
72,804
564,025
80,459
Greece
17,888
2,813
2,150
Hungary
32,054
3,349
21,500
Italy
9,266
4,300
Netherlands
122,533
11,494
7,958
Norway
20,514
2,244
Philippine Republic
10,594
2,239
Poland
77,324
7,888
11,411
Rumania
10,750
TOTALS
1,056,247
124,110
718,873
80,710
Men and women who really want to know the truth about Jehovah’s witnesses will look at their work, their teachings and their service to Jehovah’s kingdom with clear vision not blurred by gossip, false statements and prejudice. When one sees the truth, he will want more of it and in time will become a real minister. Once in a while you hear a person say, “I am afraid to study with Jehovah’s witnesses. When I get to believing everything like you do, I’ll lose all my old friends. I might become involved in something, and I don’t want to take on the responsibility of going from house to house the way you do. I would be ridiculed and maybe persecuted like you are.” This is entirely the wrong attitude for any individual to take. One cannot straddle the fence. Individuals must take a stand for Jehovah’s new world or stick with the old one. The Scriptures clearly point out that you cannot serve God and the Devil. You must be either hot or cold; you must be either for or against the Lord. Persons who are desirous of engaging in the political, commercial or religious affairs of the world, supporting them even as they support one another in opposition to the supremacy of the Almighty God, will have to go down with that old world organization when it is destroyed at the battle of Armageddon. The decision must be made now in these last days of the old world. It pays to serve Jehovah. He alone can give you life, while the wages sin pays is death.
Those who know this hearken to the Lord’s Word and study it. The Bible is the true guide. It will guide you to the right course of action, preaching the good news you learn. It is the truth that makes one free from politics, religion and commerce. You should never be afraid of becoming involved in something that frees you from death and leads to life. “Endure hardness, as a good soldier of Jesus Christ. No man that warreth entangleth himself with the affairs of this life; that he may please him wrho hath chosen him to be a soldier.” (2 Tim. 2:3-4) This does not mean that you will be able to go through life now without any hardships or trials or difficulties. No,
Jehovah’s witnesses face these on every hand. Jesus warned that things would not be easy for his servants; even as they persecuted him, they will also persecute you. “If the world hate you, ye know that it hated me before it hated you. If ye were of the world, the world would love his own: but because ye are not of the world, but I have chosen you out of the world, therefore the world hateth you.”—John 15:18,19.
The Scriptures point out, ‘This is life eternal, to know thee the only true God, and Jesus Christ, whom thou hast sent.’ Therefore, Jehovah’s witnesses are very earnest in their endeavor to praise Jehovah yet “more and more”. They know one can learn the way to gain eternal life through a knowledge of God’s Word. A lover of life, not a destroyer of it, wants to see his fellow man live too; so, having been trained in Jehovah’s principles of truth and righteousness, he will want to ‘go . . . and disciple all nations’. This is the mission of Jehovah’s witnesses, and they are trying to do it well.
The reports you will read on the various countries and the chart you have looked over on pages 20-23 show clearly how Jehovah’s witnesses are advancing from one end of the world to the other. They are not doing this grand work hi their own strength: they are doing it by the spirit of God. It is not because of their own ability that they make progress and expand, but it is because God is with them.
May we urge all of Jehovah’s witnesses everywhere to make the 1949 service year your biggest year yet, not only in hours in the field, but in making back-calls on interested persons. Carry on that good work of Bible education and continue in the splendid activity of conducting Bible studies in the homes of the people. Enlarge your congregations in the homes of people of good-will and train men and women to be good ministers of God’s kingdom. World-wide we can hear Jehovah’s witnesses saying in unison, “I . . . will yet praise thee more and more.”—Psalm 71:14.
ORDAINED MINISTERS
Jesus Christ was an ordained minister, and he received his ordination to preach from his Father in heaven. Luke, in his gospel, chapter 4, verse 18, tells us that Jesus quoted these words from the book of Isaiah: “The Spirit of the Lord is upon me, because he anointed me to preach good tidings to the poor.” (Am. Stan. Ver.) By applying these words to himself, Jesus recognized his ordination came from God. Christ Jesus at all times did the will of his Father and recognized that his Father sent him to do a special work. In turn he sent his apostles into the world to carry on the same ministerial activity, as recorded at John 17:18 (Am. Stan. Ver.): “As thou didst send me into the world, even so sent I them into the world.” Jesus’ command was very definite, too, when he said, “Go ye therefore, and make disciples of all the nations, baptizing them into the name of the Father and of the Son and of the holy spirit.”—Matt. 28:19, Am. Stan. Ver.
This scripture is being fulfilled in our day the same as it was in the early days of the apostles in that ministers are being ordained throughout all the world to carry on this discipling work, preaching the good news of God’s kingdom. Jehovah’s witnesses are a society of ordained ministers. Because of the commands of God these servants who have taken God’s name will preach the Kingdom as the only hope for the world. Because Jehovah’s witnesses do not proclaim the United Nations organization nor any individual nation in which they live as the greatest nation and the hope of the world, they are hated by the world. God has not ordained his witnesses to preach and advertise the governments of this earth, but he commanded them to preach the gospel of the Kingdom. Because of this the Lord Jesus warned his followers, “If the world hates you, remember that it hated me first. ... If they have persecuted me they will persecute you too. ... I have told you this to keep you from faltering. They will exclude you from their synagogues; why, the time is coming when anyone who kills you will think he is doing religious service to God. They will do this because they do not know the Father or me. But I have told you about these things in order that when the time comes for them to happen, you may remember that I told you of them.”—John 15:18-20; 16:1-4, An American Translation.
Jehovah’s witnesses are fully consecrated to do God’s will and are ordained of him to proclaim the grand message of God’s kingdom throughout all the world. In order to arrange the work in an orderly manner world-wide, the Society has appointed ordained ministers as special servants to act in different capacities in the various countries of the world. Some of these are located in the Bethel home, the principal office of the Society in Brooklyn, New York; many are located in the Branch offices throughout the world, and some are assigned as special servants to the company organizations. The Yearbook publishes a list of the ordained ministers who have special duties to perform as servants to their brethren.
ORDAINED MINISTERS APPOINTED TO SPECIAL SERVICE
Abbuhl, David Abt, Harald Adach, Zygfryd Adams, Don Alden Adams, Elmer Polk Adams, Joel Cameron Adams, John Edward Adamson, Eduardo Diego Adler, Friedrich Aijala, Jouko Eljas Akpabio, Asuquo Obot Alade, Joseph Oluwafemi Albu, Pamfll N.
Allan, Joseph Allen, Malcolm Stanley Allen, Paul Arthur Almona, Morris Oputa AJspach, Russell William Amores, Victor Casas Andersen, Anders Anderson, Fred August Anderson, John Henry Anderson, Marvin Ferrol Anderson, Raymond Lee Andersson, Allan
Andersson, Henry Andersson, Ivar Andersson, Onni Andersson, Ove Andrews, Albert Frederick Andrews, Wallace David Andros, Thomas Argentos, John S. Arnold, Edward Atkinson, George Attwood, Anthony Cecil Atzemis, Demetrius C. Aura, Mikael Avey, Arthur William Babinski, Joseph E. Baczinski, Francois Baeuerlein, John Adam Bagley, Clifford Daniel Bahner, Jos6 Baker, Alfred G. G. Baker, Glenn Seymour Baker, Paul Southgate Balamoncek, Jan Bangle, Aleck Banks, Thomas Edgar
Barber, Carey Walter Barford, Wallace Leon Barlaan, Leodegarlo Barman, Mikael Barnes, Augustus F. J. Barnett, Arthur Eugene Barney, Paul Joseph Barr, John Edwin Barrett, George C. Barry, William Lloyd Bartha, Andras Bartlett, Milton Everett (Jr.) Bartrip, Trevor Gordon Bartzsch, Otto Baswel, Macario B. Bauer, Herschel Weert Baur, Otto Bautista, Jos6 G. Baxevanls, John Baxter, Donald Edward Baxter, Wallace Hendrie Beck, Paul Boone Becker, Edward William Becker, Otto Becker, Wilhelm Beedle, Charles Joseph Behunick, Stephen Beier, Hans Belc, Kazimierz Belinger, Hans Bellotti, Norman David Belokon, Nicholas Belscher, Delbert Clayton Benesch, Howard Joseph Benjamins, Arend Benson, Joe Ricketts Benzing, Emil Beraldo, Joao Berger, Friedrich Bernard, Dalways Bernard, John Russell Berry, Bennett Hillrie Betley, Samuel Bevington, George William Bible, Reginald Allen Bible, Richmond Loyd Bible, Roland Wallin Bijl, Gisbertus N. van der Billeter, Max Bittner, George Godfred Bjorklund, Josef Black, Harry Blackburn, Woodrow W. Blair, Mortel Isidor Blaney, John Beech Biascheck, Emil Blumel, Richard Blumenstock, Calvin August Bobb, Edwin Elmer Bogard, John Boone, James Otis Booth, John Charles Borys, Emil Fredy Botterill, Frank Bower, Arthur Noble
Bowman, David Franklin Boyd, Donald Archie Braasch, Franz Bradbury, David Martin Bradbury, Rupert Martin Brame, Earle Roy Brannick, Joseph Benjamin Brehmer, Otto Theodor Bridle, Peter Langford Britten, Eric Broad, Albert William Broad, Edward Stanford Broadwater, Lloyd Brodie, Ralph Brooker, Gerald Bennett Brookes, Frank William Brooks, Norman Earl Brown, David Wallace Brown, Monte Cristo Brown, Peter Brown, Robert Mantell Brown, William Leslie Brown, William Roland Bruderer, Oskar Bruton, John Gist Buelow, Bruce Owen Buelow, Merle Robert Buenger, Philip Bulsset, Alvar Henry Bumphrey, Floyd Ossian Burczyk, Benno Oskar Burkhardt, Donald Wilson Burt, Donald Herbert Burtch, Lloyd Byron Bussanyi, Laszlo Byriel, Andrew Call, William Eugene Carmichael, Hendry Drummond Carmichael, Leslie Albert Carnie, William Caron, Roger Rosaire Carpenter, Charles Ernest Carter, Stanley John Carter, Walter Werbousky Casola, Peter A.
Catanzaro, Angelo A. Chapman, Percy Chappuis, George Charles, Cyril William Charlet, Rene Charlwood, Edmund Chimal, Miguel Chimiklis, John Peter Chinula, Joseph A. Chipeta, Pharoah M. Chitty, Ewart Charles Chodara, Tadeusz Chongo, Yolam Chornenky, Theodore Chrupjlla, Paul Chyke, Calvin Michael Cimwaza, Lester Cipolla, Vito Clare, Gordon Herbert Clark, Donald Spencer
Claus, Gerhardt Clay, Edgar Allan Clayton, Charles Milburn Clemons, Charles Stephen Collier, Roland Edward Collins, Wallace Allen Commey, James B. Comscock, Ell Hall Conrad, John Jacob Conrad, Nell Emile Conte, Lawrence Alfred Cook, Roy Lee Douglas Cocke, Eric Rushton Cooke, John Roy Cooper, Carleton Davis Copson, Sylvester William Cornelius, Russell Stewart Cotterill, Richard Sheldon Couch, George M.
Couch, William D.
Coultrup, Charles Russell Counts. Winfield Andrew Coup, Carmon LeRoy Coville, Allan Stanley Covington, Hayden Cooper Craddock. John Alexander Crapp, Eric George Martin Crockett, Neil John Cross Arthur Bright Crosswhite, Orville Almus Crowley, James Edmond Csoban, Jozsef Cumming, Albert Edward Cummings, Marshall Henry Cutforth. John Ashlin Cygan, Mieczyslaw Dague, Harry Dandawa, John M.
Daniels, Edwin Grant Danley, Albert Franklin Datlsman, Donald Charles Davis, James Edward Davis, Robert Leonard Dawkins, George Carter DeAngelis, Joseph DeBoer, Adrian DeCecca, Giovanni Decroly, Firmin DeFehr, John Frank DeJager, Petrus Johannes Demorest, David Deninger, Orville Edwin Derderian, Dickran Philibbas Dey, William Dickmann, Heinrich Didur, Alex Mitchel Diehl, Willy Dienaar, Pieter A. H.
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